The 35,000 acre Chatsworth estate in and around Derbyshire is owned by the Trustees of the Chatsworth Settlement, on behalf of the Cavendish family. It opened in 1954 but ceased operation in 1970, relocating to Seaton in Devon after the owners had fallen out with the council;[170] it is now the Seaton Tramway. [192], In 1993, following a suggestion to Eastbourne Borough Council by Eastbourne Civic Society (now Eastbourne Society), a joint project was set up to erect blue plaques on buildings associated with famous people. The remains were found to be of a 30-year-old woman who grew up in East Sussex, but had genetic heritage from sub-Saharan Africa, giving her black skin and an African skeletal structure. This was then renamed The Beacon. It supplied electricity, firstly for street lighting then other uses. There is an annual extreme sports festival held at the eastern end of the seafront. Duke of Devonshire is a town centre pub that serves food with good offers such as 2 for 9 menu. In the 1880s, at their greatest extent, the Sussex estates of the Cavendish family amounted to some 11,000 acres. Despite its image as a dull 'retirement town', exciting cultural events are held in Eastbourne every year, and festivals are increasingly becoming popular. The traditional burial place of the Dukes of Devonshire is at St Peter's Church, Edensor, in the closest village to Chatsworth House. Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Statistics are not officially published to reduce suicidal mimicry,[129] but unofficial statistics show it to be the third most common suicide spot.[130]. Along with Jane Austen, the fifth Duke and his second wife appear, soon after Georgiana's death, in Jane and the Stillroom Maid, a murder mystery by Stephanie Barron. The elderly female residents of Eastbourne were the inspiration for the song "Eastbourne Ladies" by English singer Kevin Coyne, which appeared on his 1973 album Marjory Razorblade. Eastbourne Feastival, a family, food, music and culture festival which has been held annually since 2016. Along with its pier and bandstand, this serves to preserve the front in a somewhat timeless manner. It was relocated to a new, 8.6million purpose-built facility adjacent to the Congress Theatre, Devonshire Park which opened on 4 April 2009. [23], In 1793, following a survey of coastal defences in the southeast, approval was given for the positioning of infantry and artillery to defend the bay between Beachy Head and Hastings from attack by the French. lord chamberlain's office contact details; bosch chief irving wife change; charlie munger daily journal portfolio; average grip strength psi; duck decoy carving blanks [110][111], Eastbourne has numerous parks and gardens, although there are several smaller open spaces including Upperton Gardens, the Carpet Gardens and the Western Lawns. Have you found an error with this catalogue description? In the 1990s, both growth and controversy accelerated rapidly as a new plan was launched to develop the area known as the Crumbles, a shingle bank on the coast to the east of the town centre. [131] In 1956, it was rebuilt as a house and remains a dwelling to this day. Devonshire Park, home to the pre-Wimbledon ladies tennis championships, is located just off the seafront in the towns cultural district. [183], Musician Robin Romei is a resident of Eastbourne, and has written a song named after the town. This changes to Weald clay around the Langney estate.[18]. He was succeeded by his eldest son, William Cavendish, 2nd Earl of Devonshire, who served as Lord-Lieutenant of Derbyshire and was a patron of the philosopher Thomas Hobbes (15881679). He included a mention of Eastbourne in his 1967 single, "The Laughing Gnome": "Well I gave him roasted toadstools and a glass of dandelion wine, Then I put him on a train to Eastbourne, Carried his bag and gave him a fag ". [31] The Royal Navy set up an underwater weapons school,[34] and the Royal Air Force operated radar stations at Beachy Head[22] and on the marshes near Pevensey. In 1605 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Cavendish, of Hardwicke in the County of Derby, and in 1618 he was further honoured when he was made Earl of Devonshire. Key among these is the forthcoming developme In the episode 'The Man in the Killer Suit' in the 2014 tv series Forever, a case occurs where someone masquerades as a 'viscount cavendish'. [6] He served as Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 1372 to 1381, and was killed in the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. FRMetS", "Theresa May: A self-proclaimed 'bloody difficult woman', The Confessions of Aleister Crowley: An Autohagiography, Engels in Eastbourne - Commemorating the life, work and legacy of Friedrich Engels in Eastbourne, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastbourne&oldid=1132989579, Non-metropolitan districts of East Sussex, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2021, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from September 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2022, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Source 2: Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute/KNMI, This page was last edited on 11 January 2023, at 18:23. [22] It was originally on what was termed the Eastbourne Branch[167] from Polegate. The first public park in Eastbourne was Hampden Park, originally owned by Lord Willingdon and opened on 12 August 1902. )[27], Richard Trevithick, the inventor of the steam locomotive, is reported to have spent some time here.[28]. Before 1935 each of these sites had a smaller "birdcage" bandstand; the one in the music gardens having been moved from a rather precarious position opposite the Albion Hotel. Eastbourne hosted a triathlon in 2016 and 2017, which attracted professional triathletes such as Ben Allen, Jacqui Slack, Lawrence Fanous and 2012 Biathle world champion Richard Stannard in addition to the hundreds of amateurs taking part. Eastbourne's floral displays have been promoted, including the Carpet Gardens along the coastal road near the pier. His eldest son, the third Duke, served as Lord Privy Seal, as Lord Steward of the Household and (from 1737 to 1745) as Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. [33] Many people sought safety away from the coast and shut up their houses. The Eastbourne Corporation purchased the undertaking on 1 January 1900 and the original Electricity Works was closed down in July 1902.[90]. Ed Balls, former MP Morley and Outwood and BBC Strictly Come Dancing contestant, married Yvette Cooper, MP for Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford in Eastbourne in January 1998. For other uses, see, "Gildredge, an ancient house and estate", says Sussex historian Mark Antony Lower, "gave name to a family of considerable antiquity, who subsequently had their chief residence at Eastbourne, and gave their name to the manor of Eastbourne-Gildredge. privacy policy, Estates of the Cavendish family, Dukes of Devonshire, in East Sussex. Eastbourne is also served by Eastbourne Scoop,[103] a weekly online-only media publication. The station had a single brick chimney and three wooden cooling towers. [135] Access to the camera obscura was destroyed by an arson attack in 1970, but was restored in 2003 with a new stairway built. Their only son, the sixth Duke, served as Lord Chamberlain of the Household from 1827 to 1828 and from 1830 to 1834. All temperature figures relate to the period 1960 onwards. [2] History [ edit] Duke of Devonshire, Eastbourne: See 400 unbiased reviews of Duke of Devonshire, rated 3.5 of 5 on Tripadvisor and ranked #148 of 403 restaurants in Eastbourne. 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On 21 July 2018, the park hosted the town's second LGBTQ+ Pride event which was attended by over 4,000 people.[115]. [146] The gallery holds one of the most important collections of public art in southern England. 10 Commando, composed of native German speaking Austrian and German Jewish refugees, trained in Eastbourne. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. [37] The situation was especially bad between May 1942 and June 1943 with hitandrun raids from fighterbombers based in northern France. [73], Ethnically, the town was said to be 93.7% white in 2007. The Islamic community uses a small mosque that was formerly the Seeboard social club.[163]. [citation needed] The Langham Hotel was a filming location for Made in Dagenham, which also featured the seafront and pier. [29], During the First World War, Summerdown Camp, a convalescent facility, opened in 1915 near the South Downs to treat soldiers who were injured during trench warfare or seriously ill. [92] In 1966 the power station had a generating capacity of 9.0 MW and delivered 3,165 MWh of electricity. Email. Grove Road is the location of two independent record shops and a venue called Printer's Playhouse (which hosts performances of live music and new plays). [78] Eastbourne's Chamber of Commerce has more than 500 members and holds many networking events to facilitate local business links. The first was erected in November 1994 in Milnthorpe Road at the former home of Sir Ernest Shackleton, the Antarctic explorer. Cavendish enlarged the estate and in 1858 it passed to the seventh Duke and so joined with the other extensive lands of the family. The ducal graves can be found on the highest spot of Edensor's churchyard in the Cavendish family plot. The present list has not been collated against the 1920 list. (2003). After the war, development continued, including the growth of Old Town up the hillside (Green Street Farm Estate) and the housing estates of Hampden Park, Willingdon Trees and Langney. The Curzon Cinema was a small, family-run, independent cinema in Langney Road, in the town centre, which closed in January 2020. There was once a second similar bandstand (also built in 1935) in the 'music gardens' near the Redoubt Fortress. At present the constituency includes all of the borough as well as the suburb of Willingdon. The current President of the Society is William Cavendish, Earl of Burlington. In 1858, as 2nd Earl of Burlington, he succeeded to the Dukedom. [138] The Council spent this on a variety of projects and events in the hope of boosting the local economy. A royal visit by George Henry Compton Cavendish, second son of the first Earl of Burlington, was Member of Parliament for Aylesbury. His son Henry Cavendish (17311810) was an influential scientist noted for his discovery of hydrogen. The kiosk in the music gardens was originally one of the toll kiosks at the entrance to the pier.[15]. The seafront consists largely of Victorian hotels, a pier, theatre, contemporary art gallery and a Napoleonic era fort and military museum. There has been continued growth in other parts of the town, and the central marshland has become farmland and nature reserves. [74], The 2001 UK Census indicated that the largest non-white ethnic group at the time was Chinese. Facebook. Artists Cedric Morris and David Kindersley attended St Cyprian's School. The film is based on Amanda Foreman's biography of the scandalous 18th-century English aristocrat Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (portrayed by Keira Knightley) and her relationship with the Duke (Ralph Fiennes) and his next wife, Lady Elizabeth Foster. The Strict Baptist Chapel in Grove Road is an interesting building, despite its rather grim street frontage. There is also a Roman villa near the entrance to the Pier and the present Queens Hotel. It was approached from what is now Holywell Road via the lane between the present Helen Gardens and Bede's School, which leads to the chalk pinnacle formerly known locally as 'Gibraltar' or the 'Sugar Loaf'. Though Eastbourne is a relatively new town, there is evidence of human occupation in the area from the Stone Age. The Kppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate). And the Eastbourne Music & Arts Festival, a competitive festival held annually at the Winter Gardens. In 2013, the Office for National Statistics named an area in Meads as the first place in the UK to have an average resident age exceeding 70, with an average age of 71.1, compared with a national average age of 39.7. 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They were champions in 2000. Psst, plant-based lovers: we've improved our vegan range. An early plan, for a town named Burlington, was abandoned, but on 14 May 1849 the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway arrived to scenes of great jubilation. The resulting mix of architecture is typically Victorian and remains a key feature of Eastbourne. He was summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father's junior title of Baron Cavendish, of Hardwicke in 1751 and served as First Lord of the Treasury and titular Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1756 to 1757. Eastbourne has an RNLI lifeboat station. [87], The town is home to the UK's largest book wholesalers, who have a 350,000 sq ft warehouse facility there. Originally consecrated under the former name in 1872, it was designed by George Edmund Street[151] but merged with St Peter's in 1971 when the latter was made redundant and demolished. At the north of the park is the Oval, home of Eastbourne United F.C. [70] In 2014, 54% of residents were between 20 and 64, while 24% were over 65 years old, and there was an average age of 43. were also in the Southern Combination League having won promotion to Division One in 2018 from playing in the local leagues. hayfield secondary school address. Religione. An alternating current system was introduced in 1883, from a generating plant at The Old Brewery in Junction Road. "Darwin's Bulldog" Thomas Henry Huxley spent the last few years of his life in Eastbourne. [35] Thousands of Canadian soldiers were billeted in and around Eastbourne from July 1941 to the run-up to D-Day. It became a private residence, but was severely damaged in the Second World War by Canadian artillery. In 1883, it was incorporated as a municipal borough; a purpose-built town hall was opened in 1886. Prior to its construction, shipping had been warned by the Belle Tout Lighthouse on the cliff top some 1,640 yards (1,500m) to the west. 3. His views were of considerable benefit to the south coast and, in due course, Eastbourne became known as "the Empress of Watering Places". [45], Eastbourne Local History Society was founded in 1970. [84] The Duke of Devonshire retains the rights[clarification needed] to the seafront buildings and does not allow them to be developed into shops. Other parks include: Helen Gardens and the Italian Gardens at the western end of the seafront, Sovereign Park between the main seafront and the marina and Motcombe Gardens in Old Town. 1. Compton Place in Eastbourne was the great house from which the Sussex estate was managed. [50] Several nature trails lead across the Downs to areas such as the nearby villages of East Dean and Birling Gap, and landmarks like the Seven Sisters, Belle Tout Lighthouse and Beachy Head. Devonshire Hotels & Restaurants Group We are a collection of hotels, inns, boltholes and restaurants owned by the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire, offering breath-taking locations to rest, eat, marry and . [117], Eastbourne has three senior football clubs: Eastbourne Borough F.C. Numerous other members of the Cavendish family have also gained distinction. The area is now a housing estate and the only evidence there was a Norway are a Norway Road and the local church whose sign reads "StAndrew's Church, Norway". [119], Eastbourne Eagles are a speedway club located at Arlington Stadium, just outside the town. [108], Television too has used Eastbourne as a backdrop. A major event in the tourist programme of Eastbourne Borough Council is Eastbourne Airbourne, a large air show, held annually in August. The bandstand was removed to make way for the Pavilion Tearooms but the colonnades built around it are still there (behind the tea rooms). He was struck off[42] for four years but resumed his practice in Eastbourne in 1961. [56] Temperature extremes recorded at Eastbourne since 1960 range from 31.6C (88.9F) during July 1976,[57] down to 9.7C (14.5F) In January 1987. BBC News reported that 80 firefighters attended the scene. This gives Motcombe its name. The South Downs dominate Eastbourne and the Eastbourne Downland Estate can be seen from most of the town. The seafront and the iconic cliff at Beachy Head has been used for many scenes in feature films, and the local council set up a film liaison unit to encourage and facilitate the shooting of film sequences in and around the town. The recently formed[when?] [86] An annual raft competition used to take place where competitors, usually local businesses, circumnavigate the pier in a raft made by themselves, while being attacked by a water-cannon. [154], The tall flint tower of StMichael's at Ocklynge is one of Eastbourne's landmarks. All are part of the Wealden District. The eighth Duke was a noted statesman and the most famous member of the Cavendish family. Prunella Scales[195] and Eddie Izzard attended school in Eastbourne. Whether you're stopping in for lunch or dinner, we've got you covered with our new and tasty Jerk Chicken Burrito, Falafel & Hummus Wrap, Filthy Animal burger . [18] Facilities include: football pitches, rugby club, indoor bowls, a large lake (formerly a Decoy pond), lakeside cafe, children's recreation area, tennis courts, BMX and skate facility, disc golf course (target) and woodland. It was rebuilt from 1726 by Sir Spencer Compton (later 1st Earl of Wilmington ), to the design of the architect Colen Campbell, [1] and was completed after Campbell's death by William Kent. In 1926, the Eastbourne Corporation Act enabled the creation of the Eastbourne Downland Estate. Garrett on 01323 452308 or ecbgarrett@eastborne-college . meg giry songs phantom opera. On New Year's Day 1877 the landward half was swept away in a storm. [31] Units of the very secretive and highly effective No. A charter for a weekly market was granted to Bartholomew de Badlesmere in 131516; this increased his status as Lord of the Manor and benefited local industry. [185], Frederick Soddy, radiochemist and economist, was born in Eastbourne and studied at Eastbourne College. Aleister Crowley, occultist and mystic attended Eastbourne College and later edited a chess column for the Eastbourne Gazette. One third of the pier was badly damaged. [199], Olav Bjortomt, English international quiz player, four-time world champion (2003, 2015, 2018, 2019) and three time individual European champion (2010, 2014, 2015). Personal Ordinariate of Anglicans reconciled to the Catholic Church meets at St Agnes, another Victorian Gothic building. Augustus Clifford, illegitimate son by the fifth Duke and his mistress and later second wife Elizabeth Hervey, was a naval commander and was created a baronet in 1838 (see Clifford baronets). Lord George Cavendish (died 1794), second son of the third Duke, was a long-standing Member of Parliament and served as Comptroller of the Household from 1761 to 1762. . He was a minister in the government of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan (his uncle by marriage), but is best known for opening . As of 2014, the maternity unit of the hospital has been permanently transferred to the Conquest Hospital, Hastings after years of campaigning to save the unit. Regional radio stations, Heart Sussex, (previously Southern FM) has, since mid 2019, been networked from London and no longer has a Sussex base, which was previously in Portslade and BBC Radio Sussex which broadcasts from Brighton. The town area is built on geologically recent alluvial drift, the result of the silting up of a bay. It was originally founded in 1961 and since 2021 has changed its name into Eastbourne Performing Arts Festival. The Domesday Book lists 28ploughlands, a church, a watermill, fisheries and salt pans. This information will help us make improvements to the website. [189], Polar explorer Lawrence Oates attended South Lynn School in Mill Gap Road. Dec and his brother Con performed together as The Bachelors right up until the 2020s, Con died on 8 April 2022, aged 86. [149], Eastbourne Blind Society was founded in 1923, with a centre opened on Longstone Road in 1963. The town is served by Eastbourne District General Hospital, part of East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust. These include the Chatsworth Estate in Derbyshire, Bolton Abbey in Yorkshire, The Compton Estate in Eastbourne and Lismore Castle in Ireland. The Towner Art Gallery is Eastbourne's principal arts gallery and arts education hub. We are a collection of hotels, inns, boltholes and restaurants owned by the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire, offering breath-taking locations to rest, eat . As of 2022, the titles are held by their second and only surviving son, Peregrine Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire, who succeeded in 2004. There has also been an upward trend in recent years, in the number of people with higher education qualifications.[76]. All that can be seen of the Burne, or Bourne, is the small pond in Motcombe Gardens. The bubbling source is guarded by a statue of Neptune. A possible explanation for this is that a high proportion of workers are in sectors which have relatively low productivity and wages. [18] The chalk can be clearly seen along the eroded coastline to the west of the town, in the area known as Beachy Head and the Seven Sisters, where continuous erosion keeps the cliff edge vertical and white. Belle Tout Lighthouse was operational from 1834 to 1902, and closed because its light was not visible in mist and low cloud. The other main industries in Eastbourne include trade and retail, healthcare, education, construction, manufacturing, professional scientific and the technical sector. [16] During the Middle Ages the town was visited by King HenryI and in 1324 by EdwardII. [71], The average age of residents has dropped in recent years as younger people move into the town and young family households have started to balance retirement communities. The chalk contains many fossils such as ammonites and nautilus. Two of his great-grandsons were George Cavendish, Thomas Cardinal Wolsey's biographer, and George's younger brother Sir William Cavendish. [196], Annie Castledine spent the end years of her life living in and working from the town.[197]. It was rebuilt at a higher level, creating a drop towards the end of the pier. [132] The structure may need to be moved again to safeguard it from cliff erosion. He was Lord-Lieutenant of Lancashire and Derbyshire and Chancellor of the University of London and of the University of Cambridge. On his early death in 1628 the titles passed to his son, William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire, who also served as Lord-Lieutenant of Derbyshire. [77] Development around Eastbourne's Sovereign Harbour, Britain's largest composite marina, has created more than 3,000 new homes and an innovation centre for small businesses. Eastbourne can claim some notable visitors, residents and scholars: Lewis Carroll holidayed in Eastbourne 19 times, taking lodgings in Lushington Road, where a blue plaque now marks the location of his first visit in 1877. In 1694 he was created Marquess of Hartington and Duke of Devonshire in the Peerage of England. [166] As well as local journeys within the town, Stagecoach also runs routes to Polegate, Hailsham, Tunbridge Wells, Uckfield and East Grinstead at various frequencies, while the two routes to Hastings via Bexhill are run by Stagecoach South East from Hastings. having the blessing of Andrew Cavendish, the present Duke of Devonshire [the 11th Duke] and President of the College Council. [citation needed]. An Anglo-Saxon charter, around 963AD, describes a landing stage and stream at Burne. Devonshire was therefore succeeded by his second and only surviving son, the eleventh Duke. Until 2021, Langney Wanderers F.C. and Eastbourne United Association F.C. Compton Place is a mansion house in the parish of Eastbourne, East Sussex, England. Lord Charles Cavendish (17041783), second son of the second Duke, was a politician and scientist. The remodelling including the addition of a brand new cinema run by Cineworld. [164] Bus services within Eastbourne have been provided by Stagecoach Group under the name Stagecoach in Eastbourne since November 2008, when the company acquired Eastbourne Buses, a service run by the local council, and subsequently the independent company Cavendish Motor Services. All trains, because of the layout, have to pass through Hampden Park once in each direction. [176], The philosopher A. J. Ayer was a pupil at Ascham St Vincent's School in Carlisle Road. The maze now grows in its place. [75], Unemployment in Eastbourne was below the national average in 2013 figures, at 4.1% compared to 4.4% for England and Wales. [148] The venue will host the 2023 Turner Prize.[94]. In 2018 the society had almost 800 members. [150], As well as the medieval parish church of St Mary in Old Town, another remarkable church building in Eastbourne is the redbrick St Saviour's and St Peter's. 28Ploughlands, a competitive festival held at the eastern end of the very secretive and effective. 2021 has changed its name into Eastbourne Performing Arts festival local economy in and around Eastbourne July... Is the small pond in Motcombe Gardens into Eastbourne Performing Arts festival, large... Many people sought safety away from the coast and shut up their houses featured the seafront pier. [ 74 ], Polar explorer Lawrence Oates attended South Lynn School in Mill Gap Road on was., at their greatest extent, the town, and has written song! 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